“women invented beer” really??

jewishlyriumghost:

idunnoistherefood:

angryhausfrau:

dduane:

saint-olga:

dancinbutterfly:

ravefromthegrave:

sharkfinshuffle:

pro-butch:

@sharkfinshuffle say stuff

FINE I’ll just do your homework for you. Trust me, it’s not just “what we think”, we have ample evidence and it’s pretty much unanimously agreed upon among brewers that women were traditionally the ones brewing and often drinking the beer. So long long story short: yes, brewing was very much a women’s craft in the majority of cultures worldwide pre-industrialisation. A couple of popular brewing textbooks state:

“Initially, brewing was carried out as home brewing by women for domestic use only. It was part of the daily housework next to cooking and baking bread.” (Handbook of Brewing, Priest and Stewart, 2006)

“Traditionally, [African] beers are made by women brewsters, as was the case medieval Europe, and they may be consumed with some ceremony.” (Brewing, Briggs, Brookes, and Stevens, 2003)

And here are some articles:

A (Very) Brief History of Women in Beer

http://growlermag.com/women-in-beer/

Honestly though, just google “women brewing history”.

lol wow thank you!!! i will spread this information in the world

also will use it to shut down Manly Beer Drinker of all sorts

THIS IS USEFUL! I SHALL BE TAKING THIS INTO MY LOCAL MICROBREWERY AND BEING OBNOXIOUSLY FEMINIST. I LOVE YOU FOR THIS SO MUCH!

Fun fact: men (specifically, monks) started adding hops to beer. Hops makes beer taste bitter – the tast men today insist is the “true” tast of beer which makes it a masculine drink. The fun part of it is that hops is a phytoestrogen which is (according to some sources – there are disproving articles so I won’t say it’s absolutely true) responsible for low sex drive, lower energy, man boobs, and abdominal fat. Actually, monks started using hops in beer in order to lower libido of men in the monastery. 

This came up just now in the Irish Times in regards to a brewery in Mechelen in Belgium. (Yet another reason to get back there.)

ravefromthegrave:

yeah, at least it’s what we think, since women were the ones who started brewing shit. the goddess of brewery and beer is, well, a goddess and not a god, which is probably because women were the ones starting it historically.

“Women’s role in the history of beer is often forgotten,” says Sofie Vanrafelghem,
author and master beer sommelier. “One of the very first written
documents to refer to beer,” she says, “was an ode written 3,800 years
ago to the Sumerian goddess Ninkasi, whose priestesses brewed beer in
her honour.”

This data’s been on my radar for a while now. I remember being in one of our favorite places in Dublin, Porterhouse Central, and spotting a sign hanging up above one of the aisles that said BEERS BREWED BY MEN, NOT MACHINES. A nice enough sentiment, but unfortunately / unnecessarily gendered.

I was in a bit of a mischievous mood and said to the barman, “No women?” “Nope,” he said.

I said, “You should really get at least one woman brewer in here. For historical reasons if nothing else. Didn’t you know that until a couple of centuries ago it was illegal for men to brew in Dublin?”

He was kind of stunned. True, though. It was traditional in the city from Viking times that only women should brew. In fact there was a sense that it was unlucky for men to brew, that the beer would fail, that it didn’t like them.

My bartender was a little bemused by this. “But why would that be?”

I just kind of laughed. “Women,” I said. “Yeast. We have a relationship.”

I wish I could describe the series of expressions that went across his face. 🙂

Also really cool info: In medieval Europe, women would sell their excess home-brewed beer. They would identify themselves by wearing pointed hats at market and by placing broomsticks outside of their doors. Surprising absolutely no one, the Church was not really into female entrepreneurs and/or women having power and respect in the community. Church officials spread word that these women were evil servants of the devil and should be avoided because they would bewitch you with their potions. This is where we get much of the iconic Western European witch imagery ie. broomsticks, pointed hats, cauldrons. Basically the Church got pissy because women had power in their communities and basically started the a ridiculously long-lasting smear campaign against female beer-brewers.
link to a full article: http://www.stylist.co.uk/life/recipes/women-and-beer-a-snap-shot-history

@tootiepants getta load of this 😀

@animatedamerican you might be interested in this last bit

whipperschnapper:

jewishdragon:

accessibledeedadee:

jewishdragon:

How To Read Sheet Music by Julian Cianciolo

I am extremely entertained by this

[Calm, relaxed piano music plays throughout the video while a monotone voice speaks. Most of the narration is accompanied by text that says the same thing, unless stated otherwise.

“How to Read Sheet Music. By a twelve-year-old.” A quick, high-pitched beep sounds, accompanied by a screen full of brightly-coloured rectangles. “By someone not qualified to talk about sheet music. Let’s start with the staff.”

A staff is visible in the middle of the screen: five horizontal black lines with a treble clef on the far left side. “This is a staff. This symbol at the beginning tells you which clef to play. There are two main clefs: the low one–” a bass clef is shown in the place of the treble clef– “and the high one.” The treble clef returns. 

“There are also some more obscure clefs that you’ll never be told about.” An alto clef is shown, then an image of hand-written sheet music. The upper left corner of the image is circled in red, and inside the circle is a clef that the captioner doesn’t know. Underneath the image reads: “The 7 Clefs Music Teachers Don’t Want You to Know!”

“The two main clefs, treble and bass, are connected by a middle note we call C.” Two staves are shown, one on top of the other, with a treble clef in the top staff and a bass clef in the bottom one. The middle note, C, appears when the narrator mentions it, and the corresponding note plays. “You’ll find that a lot of music stuff is based around C. Except tuning, that’s based around A.” An A is shown on the treble clef staff, and the note plays. “Unless you play in a band, then it’s based on the note right above A.” A sharp symbol is added to the A, and an A# plays.

“That is, assuming you play an instrument that calls notes what they actually are. Instruments that call notes what they actually are include these.” On the left side of the screen is a list of instruments that includes: ‘flutes, strings, keyboards, trombones & tubas, bassoons, oboes’. 

“While instruments that don’t call notes what they actually are include these.” On the right side of the screen is a list of instruments that includes: ‘clarinets, trumpets, saxophones, French horns, mellophones, some euphoniums, weird flutes, recorders, bugles, cornets, weird trombones & tubas.’

“Notes are found on the lines and spaces of the staff. They all sound different, and if you put them together, they sound nice.” A staff with a treble clef is shown, and as the narrator talks, several notes of different values appear on the staff and then fade out. When the narrator says ‘they sound nice’, a D flat and a C appear on the staff and play together, creating dissonance.

“This is a whole note.” A whole note is shown. “Sometimes it gets four beats–” a 4/4 time signature is shown to the left of the whole note– “sometimes it doesn’t.” A 9/8 time signature takes the place of the previous one.

“This is a half note.” A half note is shown. “It gets half the length of a whole note. A quarter note gets half the length of that–” a quarter note is shown– “while an eighth note gets half the length of that.” An eighth note is shown. “This pattern continues on for a bit–” a line of notes is shown; from left to right, a whole note, a half note, a quarter note, an eighth note, and a sixteenth note– “so you can make notes as short as you please. For example, the 256th note–” a 256th note is shown– “or the demisemihemidemisemiquaver. You’ll find that information very useful.”

Two staves are shown, eight measures between them. Several notes are shown, including a whole rest in the last measure. “Now that you know the notes and rhythms, it’s time to move on to the important stuff, and figure out what all these symbols mean.” Several symbols are added to the staves, including volume markers, a 6/8 time signature, and a fermata. “So let’s just go through them.”

A breath mark is shown: “This reminds you when to breathe. In case you forget to breathe.”

A pause is shown: “Stop playing, contemplate, and continue playing.”

A common-time symbol is shown: “This is easy.” A half-time symbol is shown: “This is not.”

A 5/4 time signature is shown: “Counting to five has never been more difficult.”

The word Solo is shown: “You were never informed of this.”

A mezzo-piano symbol (mp) is shown: “Meh.” A piano symbol (p) is shown: “Be soft.” A pianissimo symbol (pp) is shown: “Softer.” A pianississimo symbol (ppp) is shown: “Don’t even bother.”

A mezzo-forte symbol (mf) is shown: “Meh.” A forte symbol (f) is shown: “Be loud.” A fortissimo symbol (ff) is shown: “Louder.” A fortississimo symbol (fff) is shown: “Don’t even bother.”

A forte-piano symbol (fp) is shown: “Play loud, and then don’t.” A sforzando symbol (sfz) is shown: “Play loud, and then… don’t.” 

The word Subito is shown: “If you’re reading this, it’s already too late.”

A Coda and a segno are shown: “So you go back when… no, wait…”

A tremolo is shown: the audio is the noise that happens when one makes an “oo” sound and runs their finger up and down over their lips.

A glissando is shown: “This is only fun when playing trombone. …And is also the only fun thing about playing trombone.”

A ritardando (rit.) and an accelerando (accel.) are shown: “You should probably stop staring at the paper.”

The word Soli is shown: “Like a solo, but everyone gets credit.”

An 8-measure rest is shown: “You’re unimportant.” A 64-measure rest is shown: “You’re very unimportant.”

A repeat-measure symbol (it looks like a percent sign) is shown: “At least you’re playing.”

A repeat symbol (double bar with two dots) is shown: “You thought it was over.”

A Triad of three whole notes are shown, (three notes, one on top of the other but skipping the note in between each) : “Someone’s playing the wrong note.”

A double bar is shown: “Just… stop.”

The screen cuts to black, then shows black text that reads: “This guide has been brought to you by Julian Cianciolo. Please read sheet music responsibly.”

The calming piano music is abruptly interrupted by the D flat and C from earlier being played over and over and over again, until the end of the video finally cuts it off.]

:O thank you for transcribing! 

@approaching-asymmetry

What is Six of Crows?? Is it a good book? What is it about?

cindersart:

oh my god. okay so, it’s about a group of young criminals who set out to pull off one of the most dangerous heists possible: they’re gonna break into, and escape from, a place called the ice court, which is said to be impenetrable. all this in the middle of deep political unrest, and with the threat of a drug that makes the superhuman race (the grisha) extremely dangerous, looming over their heads. also everyone is out to kill them, holy shit. i can’t say much more than that without spoiling it, so let me get on to some of the other cool things.

the cast consists of 6 main characters:

  • the group ringleader is physically disabled and a genius criminal prodigy. he’s also the word ‘asshole’ turned human but in a lovable, frightening way. He Wants Money
  • the second in command is a woc and a former sex worker/victim of human trafficking and also the best heckin acrobat / spy / assassin / occasional philosopher. you will most definitely cry about her js
  • a grisha heartrender who makes a point of calling out racism and injustice wherever she can. also she Loves To Eat, flirt and sass their leader. she is Big and Round and rly fuckin beautiful
  • a sharpshooter (aka he loves his revolvers more than most ppl love their kids) who is biracial and confirmed bisexual and also the human embodiment of a sultry jazz tune. u will love him
  • a rich kid runaway who has dyslexia and is the group Genius/chemistry enthusiast. he plays flute, blushes whenever the sharpshooter flirts with him, and is generally an adorable canonically gay bean
  • the convict aka the White Straight Male character whose whole arc is about unlearning problematic shit, becoming a better person, supporting his friends, and trying to survive being flirted with 

i’m gonna say u can respect the choices made in this book. nobody reads like a ‘token ____ character’ and everyone gets good povs. there are no gross tropes, no offensive writing choices, and the VILLAINS holy fucking SHIT

THE VILLAINS ARE SO GOOD. THE SHIPS ARE WELL DEVELOPED

THIS WHOLE BOOK IS A BLESSING

lizardtitties:

mokoudraws:

mokou:

someting for a friend

i just want to say, for people reblogging this, that this is called the “rule of thirds” and the tips i wrote here by no means are things that you HAVE to do! these are just tips i use for myself, i kind of made up the bubble rule and i dont even know if im using the rule right haha so there theres that! i just like to use it so i know my bubbles have a place to go

imageimage

examples of me using rule of thirds to separate elements in “Rachael and Penny”

i got the information a long time ago from a thread on penciljack called Storytelling 101, specifically this image

there is tons of information on rule of thirds available, i know eyecager has a post that dips into it ….

This is also hella useful for photography composition, especially for landscape and architecture shots

nathengyn:

Background Tutorial

requested by ion4ever. sorry it took me so long to do this for you but hopefully I was of some help? 

Notes:

  • I use CS6, and this was mostly done with default hard round brush at around 50% opacity or higher, 100% flow, and size pressure on. I made some random brushes for the greenery by modifying the default ones.
  • always use a large canvas. I go about 3000px x 3000px.
  • with enough practice, painting backgrounds like this will be a fairly quick affair. this one, for example, took about 30 minutes? it’s just a matter of time/experience. 🙂

So yeah, good luck doing backgrounds, and have fun!! 😀

So there’s this website that gives you every song that played in an episode (no matter how short a time it was playing)

pistachiou:

xthatsclaudia:

teamwinchesterbros:

It even gives you a description of the scene so you know when/where you heard it

Look!

imageimageimageimage

you guys probably already knew about this but yeahh. I’m just really excited because I was wondering what that song was when Mickey walks into the club

But it’s here for future references

I’VE BEEN SEARCHING FOR THIS SONG FOR A WEEK OMFG I LOVE YOU

thankyou so much??? ??? my life has changed for the better

How Half Of America Lost Its F**king Mind

tielan:

beatrice-otter:

EVERYBODY ABSOLUTELY NEEDS TO READ THIS.  Because like 95% of the people on this website have absolutely no clue whatsoever about what drives rural poor areas.  This is ABUNDANTLY clear every time anything having to do with rural issues gets mentioned, or any time a “redneck” perspective gets brought up.  I’m a card-carrying Democrat with a strong social-justice focus.  I’m a progressive.  But there are so many times I read things and go “well, I agree with the theory behind this and that it’s best for the country and the world, but it also has no clue about or provision for anything outside the big cities.”  And if the post or article talks about conservative areas?  I live deep in a red area of a red state, and usually such posts and articles are only about as accurate as a funhouse mirror.  If that.  This article, on the other hand, is SPOT ON.  Some choice bits:

They’re getting the shit kicked out of them. I know, I was there. Step
outside of the city, and the suicide rate among young people fucking doubles. The recession pounded rural communities, but all the recovery went to the cities. The rate of new businesses opening in rural areas has utterly collapsed.

I live in a town of 700 people.  We’re a lot more prosperous than most small towns in our area; but that is on shaky ground and could change in an instant.  (Remember, “a lot more prosperous” means that 2/3 of the commercial buildings in town stand vacant, boarded up.  In some of them, you can see daylight through the gaps in the boards, because the roof is caved in.  And in a town of 700 people, 40 separate households needed help from the food pantry last year–that’s about 20% of the population.  We’re still doing better than a lot of the surrounding towns.)  We have a small school–pre-K through high school–and it graduates between ten and twenty kids a year.  In the last decade, there have been three teen suicides in town.

We as liberals tend to have a lot of sympathy for urban poor living in
those kinds of conditions.  We’ll defend them at the drop of a hat–and
we’re right to do so.  But that sympathy disappears when it comes to the
rural poor.  It doesn’t even register that they face most of the same
problems you get in the ghetto, with even fewer services and programs to
help.  We’ll talk about rural racism and homophobia and sexism all
day–and all of that exists–but we don’t talk about the very real
poverty and hopelessness and other problems that they face.

You know what that does to a community?  You know the kind of grinding hopelessness that causes it in the first place?  When everything’s going to shit and the larger world doesn’t care, only mentions you if you’re the butt of the joke or they can proclaim their moral superiority?  
If you were drowning in that every day, and somebody said they’d save
you (and kick all the assholes who laugh about you in the teeth while he
did it), wouldn’t you want to support him even if he was an asshole you
despised?

Now, you know and I know that Trump isn’t going to actually save them–he’d have to be able to come up with a coherent policy, for one, which, hah, ain’t going to happen. And also you and I know and I know that even if he did save all the coal mine and power plant my town depends on it would be disastrous for the whole world in the long run.  But Hillary doesn’t really have any plans that might help rural areas like mine, either, and some of her plans would hasten our destruction.  Most of them are, in the long run, better for America and the world.  (Sure, the rural areas will continue their slow, grinding, painful death, while being mocked for their poverty and backwardness, but America as a whole will be better.)  Try telling that to people watching their communities die and their kids and friends kill themselves or drown in bottles.

It really does feel like the worst of both worlds: all the ravages of
poverty, but none of the sympathy. “Blacks burn police cars, and those
liberal elites say it’s not their fault because they’re poor. My son
gets jailed and fired over a baggie of meth, and those same elites make
jokes about his missing teeth!” You’re everyone’s punching bag, one of
society’s last remaining safe comedy targets.

“The rural folk with the Trump signs in their yards say their way of life is dying, and you smirk and say what they really
mean is that blacks and gays are finally getting equal rights and they
hate it. But I’m telling you, they say their way of life is dying because their way of life is dying.
It’s not their imagination. No movie about the future portrays it as
being full of traditional families, hunters, and coal mines. Well,
except for Hunger Games, and that was depicted as an apocalypse.”

And yes, there’s parts of that way of life–the racism, the sexism, the homophobia, to name just a few–that should die.  But there’s good parts, too.  There’s beauty, and love, and strength, and kindness, and generations of families working together to build community and a future.  There’s traditions that have nourished and supported generations of people through meaningful lives–even if you might not recognize anything in those lives as important.  And all of that is crumbling.

Neither Clinton nor Trump (nor any national politician of the last decade or anywhere on the horizon) can change that.  You’d have to somehow dramatically alter the economy to bring jobs back to rural areas, and even if you could find a viable way to do it, more populated areas would probably scream bloody murder at the resources being diverted.  But Trump, the vicious, narcissistic, bigoted, homophobic, ableist, misogynistic, jingoistic, fascist turd that he is, at least pretends that he can, that he can bring back the way things were when all those empty buildings downtown were filled and the kids weren’t killing themselves and rural areas at least sometimes saw themselves in popular culture as something other than the butt of a joke.  It’s a lie, and a dangerous one, but I don’t blame my neighbors for wanting to believe it.

Particularly worth reading for @beatrice-otter’s addition.

I know that many people here on Tumblr don’t want to sympathise with conservatives, and most particularly not people who support Trump; but everyone has reasons, and those reasons do amount to more than just “sexist, racist, and homophobic”.

The thing to remember is that even if Trump loses, you will still be living with your fellow Americans. You may not have to pay attention to them outside of the election cycles, but believe me, now that they’ve had someone tell them ‘I’m on your side, I can turn the world back to when your communities thrived’, they’re going to be a lot noisier in those election cycles.

How Half Of America Lost Its F**king Mind

Things my Brother’s Girlfriend has said- Writing Prompt List.

t-adash-i:

t-adash-i:

this has been collected over about a week. I recently moved into the basement, next to their bedroom, and I can hear her talking while watching TV. Here are some of my personal favorites.

  • I just don’t think Evan Peters is that attractive.
  • She was so excited to move down here. I’ll make her less excited.
  • Matt Murdock can suck my non-existent dick.
  • I don’t see the big deal about football. It’s basically ballet, but with more violence and really big, buff guys.
  • Wait, the Broncos mascot is a Bronco?
  • Eggo me leggo, friend. I haven’t shaved in a week.
  • The only thing I like about her is her taste in music.
  • It’s like the Lion King but with buns.
  • Your man bun isn’t even a bun yet. It must be a man biscuit. A mascuit.
  • Nightcrawler and Beast Boy are the same, one’s blue though.
  • I wish my life was like a Fall Out Boy song title.
  •  I HATE THIS. I HATE YOU. I HATE THE WORLD.
  • What do you mean the pasta wasn’t that good? I’m 25% Italian. It should have been the best pasta of your whole life.
  • I think your sister has a crush on me. She’s Bisexual, right?
  • We NEED TO STOP BRINGING LEFTOVERS HOME. YOUR MOM THREW OUT MY RED ROBIN.
  • Cheese is the devil’s food.
  • That was amazing, but wait, you got something stuck in your teeth. A song by Fall Out Boy.
  • Our sex life doesn’t exist, but aliens do. In what way is this fair?
  • When your sister becomes famous for writing or whatever, can we live in her basement?
  • I don’t like eggs, but I love chicken nuggets. Weird, they’re both chickens.
  • I was Vegan for five years, I can tell you that what you’re eating isn’t good for you.
  • STOP EATING IT, YOU BOOB.
  • Do dicks float, or what happens when they’re in water?